Btec Sport †Health Saftey and Injury Essay

Objective-* To recognise and under(a)stand antithetic types of injuriesTypes of injuries-* Muscle strains tears, pulls and rupturesThese are caused by vigorous stretching of a muscle or tendon. In is of regular occurrence in the hamstring and calf muscles when there is failure to warm up moderately before sport. The Achilles tendon of the calf sess tear completely this causes sever pain.Tear is where the muscle has been part, Pull is where the muscle has been stretched and a Rupture is where the muscle completely breaks.We forget know when we have pulled torn or strained because there will severe pain and there will be difficulty when trying to use the muscle. There may in like manner be swelling and later on bruising.* Fractured Bones (broken)A fracture is wear the bone cracks or completely snaps. Breaking bones is abominable repayable to the amount of blood vessels and nerves in the bones. Fractures can be categorized in two looks. A Simple Fracture This is just where t he bone cracks. A Compound Fracture This is where the bone sticks out of the skin. There is often tenderness around the bone making it hard to use and it will most certainly swell causation it to look deformed.* Joint dislocationDislocation is where the bone is pulled out of its original joint. It is caused by stressing the bone, commonly by violent twisting. It usually happens at all major joints much(prenominal) as Shoulder, finger, thumb, elbow and ankles. The bone will be surrounded by swelling and covered in bruises and will be tender to touch.* Sprained Ligaments (over stretched ligaments)A sprain happens when a ligament or joint get overstretched and torn. Sprains occur when twisting your foot while running or other(a) correspondent accidents. The sprain should be treated as a fracture if the ligament is torn because it is a lot more severe. The area of damage while be very sore and will hurt to move it or use it* Tendonitis Tendonitis is caused by overuse of the tendo ns, frequently in the lower arm in the lower arm they then become inflamed and sore/painful. This is common with sports much(prenominal) as tennis and golf where the tendon in the elbow is under constant use. The elbow will be very sore and it becomes almost impossible to use without difficulty. Swelling will be visible surrounding the go against tendon.* ConcussionConcussion is the result of injuring your brain from taking a lot of impact to the head such as organism head justted or hit your head on a hard surface, these cause the brain to rattle around the skull. Concussion is often related with unconsciousness which often follows a life-threatening head injury. In most cases the patient will become dizzy or drowsy and become confused. In major cases there may hitherto be memory loss.* Graze, Cuts, Burns and BruisesThese are caused by falling or scraping in a sporting event. They are usually painful but not very threatening and classed as minor. However some cuts can be very deep and would require urgent attention. Bruises will be painful but will not cause any perm or long term damage. We will be able to recognise bruises by eyesight discolouration of the skin and tenderness in that area.* Spinal InjuryThis is an injury to the spinal column. The spinal column contains nerves and ligaments and plays a major role in our body so when damaged by impact or strain it can be potentially dangerous to move without causing further permanent damage such as paralysis. This occurs after incidents such as car crashes and falls. You will be able to tell if u have damaged your spinal cord because it will be difficult to move and will cause a lot of pain.Objective-* To recognise illnesses/conditions that can affect sports performance* To affect the causes of injuryTypes of Illnesses-* Viral Infections/DiseasesChest Infections, Colds, Flu, Sickness etc.People slimy from viral infections will often have a high temperature, be keep goinging from pains in the muscle s making them bump weak. If someone has a viral infection such as a cold they will probably suffer with a blocked nose, fever, sore throat and frequent coughing. Viral infections cannot be cured using antibiotics, however there are products available to help live over the symptoms.* AsthmaThis makes a persons airways constrict making breathing difficult. Constriction is normally triggered by certain events such as allergies and temperature change. People having and asthma attack will suffer with symptoms such as a tight chest, to a fault they may start wheezing and be short of breath. This can be relived temporarily by using steroid sprays, one to open the airways when they feel they need it and one that should be taken daily to avoid having attacks later in the day.* HypothermiaThis is where the bodys temperature drops below the normal temperature (around 36 degrees Celsius). The symptoms are usually tiredness, slurred speech and loss of coordination. In some extremities the colo ur and feeling can be mazed in the hands and feet as the blood is being diverted away to keep the brain and heart working properly. People will generally feel better when they return to a warm environment as this will encourage the body to return to normal. Hypothermia is common with people such as atomic pile climber who are often exposed to cold environments for long periods of time.* HyperthermiaThis is caused by expo trustworthy to high temperatures, such as being in the insolate/high temperatures for long periods of time. The results of hyperthermia are that the person will be left exhausted. Headaches, tiredness and thirst are also associated. To relive these symptoms the person should beverage lots of fluids, while exercising and when recovering. If the person becomes to hot they could potentially become unconscious then they would require the need of being put on a drip.* HypoglycaemiaHypoglycaemia is caused by having low levels of glucose in the blood so enough isnt rea ching the vita places e.g. the brain. It is commonly associated with people who have type 1 diabetes. Not enough food, besides much exercise, consuming too much alcohol and having too much insulin in the blood all contribute to causing hypoglycaemia. The symptoms of hypoglycaemia are confusion, shaking, paleness, hunger and in some extreme cases, unconsciousness. Eating food rich in carbohydrates can reverse these effects quite prontoThe Main Causes of InjuryInternally Caused* Overuse Injuries* Sudden InjuriesExternally Caused* Impact Injuries* Foul Play Injuries* Equipment Injuries* Accidental InjuriesInternally Caused Injuries Direct result of the performer, no other person or factor is involvedOveruse Injuries (Tennis/Golfers Elbow, Shin Splints etc.)These are caused by over training and over competing.Sudden InjuriesThese tend to be caused straightway because of over stretching, twisting and turning. They are commonly acknowledged with tiredness and fatigue and normally occu r late on in a match. Also doing something too difficult can result in a sudden injury.Externally Caused Injuries Caused by someone or something other than yourselfImpact InjuryThis is and injury from being hit or hitting something. These are often the result of things like-* An Opponent* Equipment* Playing Surface* Playing ConditionsFoul Play InjuriesThese are normally the result of another player breaking the rules and regulations of the game. They may be unaware of the rules or may be doing it intentionally to harm.Accidental InjuriesDifferent activities have different levels and risk and higher elements of danger. For example Footballers are less likely to gain an injury than someone playing rugby due to it being more physical.Equipment Injuries aged or unchecked/faulty equipment can result in these injuries. Equipment must be frequently maintained to avoid these occurring. These can be as sincere as blisters from overuse or in the most extreme cases, even death.Prevention of Injuries* Warm up loosen muscles for prevention of pulling muscles.* Wear the correct equipment (shin pads), wear them correctly to ensure safeness.* Know and follow the rules of the game to be able to play fair, include using officials to keep the activity under control, this way players are less likely to get injured* Check all equipment is safe and in good condition to ensure faulty equipment cant injure you.* Dont over compete (not doing too much exorcise)* Weather conditions- make sure the conditions are safe (not slippery, stormy etc.)1. Preparation before playing or participating in any sport it is vital that you train to your age and you personal fitness. Also a good knowledge and arrangement of the sport you will be participating in will also contract the amount of injuries, a good respect for the rules and regulations of the game will reduce the injuries. A warm up and warm down is essential to help reduce the amount of injuries in the game. Consider having long hair, lo ng nails, jewellery and also the types of clothing you wear could also give you an injury.2. ParticipationBy according to the rules could prevent an injury, by using reckless tackles and reckless play can injure you and the opposing player. Officials have got to be consistent and fair in their decisions for the game to be fair and this could prevent someone from being injured, players must accept these decisions given up by the officials.3. EquipmentFor the sport which you are participating in you need to be using the specialist equipment for that specific sport and has to be in good condition, such as shin pads for football, these have to be worn. All equipment has to be in top condition because if this equipment isnt safe and fails you could be seriously injured such as rock climbing etc.4. EnvironmentThe area which the sport is being taken on has to be checked over for litter and grave objects. It has to be safe and appropriate. Also you have to check the weather conditions as this could lead the sport being potentially dangerous such as storms and dull weather.Risk Assessment1. You are about to conduct a badminton coaching session in the sports all.* set out sure that none of the equipment is faulty. E.g. rackets have sufficient grip, nets secured correctly.* Make sure that there is no wet floor* Make sure there is no obstructions in the way of the courts2. You are taking a category 7 group onto the field for football.* Make sure that everyone is wearing the correct protective equipment. (e.g. shin pads)* Make sure that there are no obstacles on the pitch or area where football will be played* Make sure the weather conditions are suitable for playing* Make sure that the pitch is suitable to play on by making sure its not icy or waterloggedPotential risk of playing-1. Badminton* Fire* fall* Foul play* Asthma attack* Hyperthermia* Slips* privation of communication that could result in injury* Sensible behaviour* Know how to set up safe equipment2. Foo tball* Falls* Foul play* Asthma attack* Hyperthermia* Spinal Injury* Broken bones* Concussion* Weather conditions* Lack of communication that could result in injury* Sensible behaviour* Potholes* All spare equipment is out of the way* Posts are secured