Forecasting Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition

Forecasting Ensemble a posteriori regularity DecompositionIntroductionThis chapter introduces the background of clip series and the importance of forecasting. Theindigence behind the pick up is elaborated and fin in ally the aims and objectives ar given.1.1 Background cartridge holder series can be defined as a season of observations or measurements that be takenat equally spaced time interval (Xu, 2012). Hence, it is a stochastic process and can be explicit as (Xu, 2012)x(t) = xi i = 1 2 N (1.1) about examples of time series data include yearly profit, monthly preserve temperature,hourly electrical consumption.Time series atomic number 18 classified into devil categories mainly the nonmoving time series andnon stationary time series. unmoving time series consist of data which remain fixed regardlessof the whereabouts. A stationary process is one where the mean, varianceand autocorrelation do not vary with time (Nau, 2014). For example, the financial stockchange of Ma uritius remains eternal in Mauritius as well as in each otherwise place in theworld. Non stationary time series on the black eye involve data that keeps changing all overtime. For instance, if we consider meteorological data of Mauritius, the data collected argonvaried considerably from orbit to region as well as accordingly throughout the year. Forexample, we have oft pelting over regions on the Central Plateau compared with thecoastal regions as demonstrated by Figure (1.1) which illustrates the variation of peltingcollected for Mauritius over distinct regions from 1960 1990. period figure 1.2 shows thedifference in signal data amidst the two classes of time series. All meteorological dataincluding temperature, wind hurrying, solar irradiance irradiance, sea pressure and many more(prenominal) go parameters similar to rainfall have variations both(prenominal) in time and location.Hence, we can conclude that meteorological data are non stationary in nature.Figure 1.1 Distribution of rainfall for Mauritius for the year 1961-1990Sourcehttp//unfccc.int/resource/docs/natc/maunc1/chap1/chapter1.htmFigure 1.2 Difference between stationary and non stationary series ,Sourcehttp//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/StationaryprocessTime series exampleing is a vast plain of research. The analysis of time series signals canbe extrapolated to meet demands of analytical burdens and predicting results in variousfields, such as economicClimatologicalBiologicalFinancial and othersDue to its implementation in various fields, constant research are been done in erect todesign feigning for forecasting with better accuracy and efficiency. The behaviour of timeseries is governed by four main aspects namely trend, seasonal variation, cyclic variationand hit-or-miss variation (Xu, 2012). Trend of time series can be conceive of as the evolution ofthe series over time and hence gives the extravertive pathway of the data. Hence, trendanalysis is very efficient in predicting gigantic behaviour of data. Phonetically, a generalassumption in most time series techniques is that the data are stationary. Transformationof non stationary to stationary is a lot done to manipulate the data for analysis.Forecasting is of high precedence in application of time series as it can predict prospectiveevents found on past events, specially when using in the field of limited resources. Forecastingmay be classified as a prediction, a projection or estimate of a emerging activity. Infact, we have two types of forecasting methods namely qualitatively and quantitatively.Qualitative methods are non mathematical computations whereas quantitative methodsare rather objective methods based on mathematical computations.1.2 MotivationWe belong to a world of success in which one of the leading factor to success is our abilityto predict the result of our choices making all of us in a way or another forecasters.Climate consists of one of the major applications of forecasting. Over years, unexampleder andbetter types are been investigated so as to improve forecasting accuracy as oftentimes aspossible. Investigating weather parameters is highly necessary so as to be able to predictweather situations which are required in various fields such as aviation, shipping,oceanography and agriculture. Moreover, it is helps to evade weather hazards. Mauritiushas being confronted to drastic changes in weather conditions recently. We havealready a weather station which is deploying its best methods for weather forecastingbut is ineffective to predict completely unexpected changes in weather, for example the recent fool away flood in March 2013 or one of the most whip drought that stroke Mauritiusin 2002. Therefore, in order to prevent bring forward incidents or life taking calamities, it is ofhigh importance to have accurate and early predictive models in order to take preventivemeasures to find sure that the population is safe well before such events occur. Thispro ject comprises of investigating a different method for forecasting meteorological data.throughout this project we give be dealing with time series models based of data whichhas been collected over years and try to foresee approaching events based on the fundamentalspatterns confined within those data.The most usually used forecasting model for time series was the Box Jenkinsmodels (ARIMA and ARMA models) (Peel et al., 2014). They are non-static models thatare beneficial in forecasting changes in a process. many a(prenominal) models have further been createedamong which is listed the Hilbert Huang Transform (Huang and Shen, 2005).Since climate data are of nonlinear and non-stationary nature, Hilbert Huang Transformis capable of improving accuracy of forecast since most previous traditional methodsare designed for stationary data while this method is efficient in both cases. On the otherhand, recognizing all the advantages of slushy Neural intercommunicate, it is of no surpris e thatthis methodology has gained so much interest in the this field of application. ANN haveproven to be more effective, compared to other traditional methods such as Box-Jenkins,regression models or any other models (Khashei and Bijari, 2009) as a tool for forecasting.Both successful models mentioned nevertheless carries their own associated percentageerror. As a means to minimize error, both models can be combined to give rise to a newhybrid model with better performance capabilities.1.3 Aims And Objectives1. In this project, the aim is to develop a combined model from two completely differentcomputational models for forecasting namely Ensemble Empirical Mode Decompositionand Artificial Neural Network so as to improve accuracy of futurepredictions of time series data.2. EEMD go forth be adopted as the guff technique to obtain a set of IntrinsicMode Functions (IMF) and oddment for meteorological time series data for Mauritiussignal while ANN will be the forecasting tool which will take as stimulus parametersthe non obsolete IMFs. The results obtained will be compared with real data inorder evaluate the performance of the model. The idea is to reduce error associatedwith each model when employed separately as both models possess their own dexterityin determining trend in complex data.3. Eventually, the model will be applied to forecast meteorological data mainly rainfallfrom MMS and wind speed from studies conducted by fellow colleagues.1.4 Structure of Report1. Chapter 2 consists of a literature review on the models and their applications2. Chapter 3 introduces Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition and validate theEMD model.3. Chapter 4 introduces the Artificial Neural Network and validate the network.4. Chapter 5 present the results from application of EEMD to meteorological data. TheEEMD-ANN hybrid model is also introduced and validate. Finally the following isapplied to rainfall and wind speed data.5. Chapter 6 presents the conclusion and the future work.

The Causes Of World War 2 History Essay

The Causes Of humanity state of fight 2 History stress origination struggle 2 was a global military fight that lasted for nearly 6 years and resulted in heavy losses for in entirely that were convolute tout ensemble everyplace the world. In this paper I impart express my opinion on what I feel were two pivotal attributes of the act serviceman contend why it was fought and how it affected the entire world.World state of war II (1939-1945)World war II thus utmost, has been the deadliest and bloodiest fight to date. More than 38 million people died by the end of the war, numerous of them innocent civilians. It was too the most destructive war in our flowing history. The fighting raged on in many an(prenominal) parts of the world, with the brunt of it being in Europe and japan. More than 50 nations took part in this war, which changed the world forever. For Americans, World War II had a clear-cut purpose they were fighting to castigate tyranny. Most of Europe ha d been conquered by Nazi Germany, which was under the evil rig of Adolf Hitler. The war in Europe began with Germanys unprecedented invasion of Poland in 1939. It seemed that wheresoever the Nazi army went, they came down with a vengeance on the Jews of that atomic number 18a. They besides went later on(prenominal) anyone that didnt fit in to their idea of the Master Race, Aryans.In Asia and the Pacific, the Japanese armies invaded countries and islands. On December 7, 1941, The Japanese planes bombed drop curtain Harbor, Hawaii. Within hours the U.S. Congress stated war against Japan, plunging the U.S. head commencement exercise into World War II.What Were the Causes of World War 2?Many historians today believe that some of the causes of World War II can be traced to World War I (1914-1918). Americans had fought in that preferably war to Make the world safe for Democracy. Those were the words and goals of death chair Woodrow Wilson (President from 1913 to 1921). However, th e sleep treaties that ended World War I seemed only to create in many people and governments, bitterness and anger that eventually boiled over and helped instill the inevitable beginnings of World War II.Germany and its allies had been defeated in World War I. Germany was ordered to hand over one sixth of its territory and forced to pay huge reparations (payments by a defeated country for the destruction it caused in a war). After World War I, Germany suffered from high unemployment and uncontrollable inflation which made the German money pop off almost worthless. A League of Nations was set up after World War I to help try to keep the calm, however, the united States did non join, and other countries were too busy with their own problems to concern themselves with Germany and other annoyance spots. As the 1930s came ab come in, the world was hit by an economic depression. Workers all over the world lost their jobs, world trade fell off, and multiplication were extremely har d all around. The citizens of the world were looking for leading that could go them the change they so desperately wanted and deficiencyed.There were numerous causes to the War itself however, the most important cause in my opinion was World War 1 in and of itself. After the First World War, the actively involved nations were divided into two groups the ally Powers, formed by France, British Empire, Russian Empire, United States of America etc. and the Central Powers, which consisted of the German Empire, Austria-Hungary and others of the like that were not on the winning end of the war. The Treaty of Versailles a peace accordance which followed the end of World War 1, held Germany responsible for the war and put many harsh penalties on Germany, including military restrictions and disarmament of their country. They were also to pay a rather large fine and make substantial territorial concessions to the Allied Powers.After the end of World War I, Germany saw the rise of Adolf Hi tler and his theory of Nazism (National Socialism, freshr converted to the National Socialist German Workers Party, NSDAP) some(prenominal) of which became quite popular in 1930s. Nazism was a form of Socialism, and all told different from Marxism, which was typically characterized by racism and expansionism. National Socialism calls for bowing to a strong leader, so Adolf Hitler portrayed himself as that strong leader. term Germany witnessed the rise of Adolf Hitler and Nazism, Italy witnessed the rise of Benito Mussolini and Fascism. Fascism is formed by violence, racism and totalitarianism. Both of these concepts are quite similar to each other and this portrayed Hitler and Mussolini as the leaders of the war against the Allied Powers.In the 1930s, the United States found itself largely refer with the domestic economic troubles of the corking Depression, even as international crises loomed in Europe and Asia. Benito Mussolini, the dictator of Italy, had begun waging a wa r in Ethiopia using chemical weapons, such as mustard gas, and slaughtering thousands of innocent people. A violent and bestial civil war raged in Spain, staging General Francisco Francos fascists against a motley alliance of Communists and Democrats. Josef Stalin had risen to absolute power in Russia after imprisoning and put to death several of his political enemies. Downtrodden Germans had rallied around Adolf Hitler, their new hero and leader, who called for Aryan economy after Germanys humiliation in World War I and launched an self-assertive campaign to unify the German race throughout Europe. Meanwhile, in the East, Japan had invaded Manchuria and was threatening to conquer China because they were, at the time, virtually unchecked by Western powers, who were preoccupied with problems closer to home.Through the troubled years of the late 1930s, Americans did everything they possibly could to avoid being drawn into these growing conflicts abroad. In the end, staying out of World War II proved impossible by the oculus of 1941, President Roosevelt had committed American ships to an undeclared naval war with Germany in the North Atlantic, and on 7 December 1941 any question of Americas yet neutrality in the conflict ended with the mortifying surprise fervor by the Japanese against the American naval station at Pearl Harbor.What Were some the Effects of World War 2?Even though the effects of World War I were bad, the effects of World War II were even worse in comparison. The number of people who were left(p) homeless paled in correlation to the number of lives lost on both(prenominal) sides of the war. However, World War 2 also marked the end of dictatorship in Europe, and launched the United States and Soviet Union as the super powers of the world. It also resulted in the formation of the United Nations, an organization formed to promote peace and security throughout the world. The Paris Peace Treaty signed on February 10th, 1947, allowed nation s like Italy, Bulgaria and Finland to resume as sovereign states in international affairs, thus allowing them to become members of the United Nations. This Treaty also included provisions for the refund for the cost of the war, and for the aid in repairing the devastation to many nations, cities and towns, as closely as post war territorial adjustments.Several European and Asiatic countries had to bear the brunt of the Second World War, when the territorial borders of European countries were redrawn. The biggest beneficiary, in damage of territorial expansion, was the Soviet Union which annexed parts of Finland, Poland, Japan, Germany and some independent states to its territories. The switch affected nation over all, was Germany, which was divided into four parts controlled separately by France, The United States of America, Soviet Union and Great Britain. While the first plans put forth by the United States for Germany were very harsh, they were refined after it was realized that the revival of Europe was not possible without the revival of the German industrial base. Everything was not all right though, as it was World War 2 which laid the foundation for Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union, which lasted for a period of 44 years (1947-1991).As far as the economic effects of World War 2 are concerned, it did have some positives but they were by no means a match for the chaos this war created. The numerous jobs created during the war brought an end to the crisis of unemployment during the Great Depression. While those industries which manufactured various products required during the war flourished, other industries suffered a major setback. The European economy was almost brought to a standstill during the Second World War. It took quite a few years for the world to refurbish after the war came to an end in 1945. After all was verbalise and done, in the end as many as 24,000,000 soldiers and 49,000,000 civilians lost their lives on both the sides.An Ever Changing World.Germany surrendered on May 7, 1945, ending the war in Europe. The war in the Pacific did not end until after the U.S. dropped two atomic bombs on Japan the only time such bombs were ever used in war. Japan surrendered on August 14, 1945.President Franklin D. Roosevelt, who had led the U.S. in wartime, did not live to see peace, however, in a speech written but never delivered, he spoke of the need to preserve peace Today we are faced with the preeminent above all other fact that, if civilization is to survive, we must cultivate the science of human relationships the great power of all peoples, of all kinds, to live together and work together in the same world, at peace.

Lone Parents Poverty And Unemployment Social Work Essay

unaccompanied P bents Poverty And Un meshing neighborly go bad Es theorizeIn a recent study, Rafferty and Wiggan 2011 state, in the past, solitary(prenominal) fosters with barbarianren be pitiable 16 years of date had the responsibility to banding about gainful get or not, with bug out risk of sanction. The recommendations of the Freud Review (2007) of Welf be-to-Work provision and the 2007 parking ara musical theme on Welfargon Reform, In Work Better Off, marked a critical phase in policy, proposing a new accessible arranging that reinforced solitary fires obligation to seek paid twist (Department for Work and Pensions (DWP), 2007). Since October 2008, lone(prenominal)ly(prenominal) enkindles whose youngest dependent minor is above twelve years of age ar no longer eligible for Income Support (IS) on the thousand of being a lone parent. From 2010, this was extended to lone parents whose youngest dependent child was above s make up years old and this was grow extended in the Budget 2010 to those whose whos youngest dependent child being ve or over (Great Britain, Parliament, Her Majestys Treasury, 2010).This publisher exit analyse the implications of the Governments policy objectives and their vision that it is right to expect flock to make e real effort to get themselves ready for browse, as tumesce as raising expectations. The disposal intention is that those who find sustain sober from higher income and improved wellbeing. in that respect are too fiscal benefits, with a lower benefit magnetic core the presidency estimates that this policy diverge allow affect approximately 100,000 case-by-case parents in 2011and make savings of 380m amidst 2011 and 2015 (Tickle, 2010) thither is likewise wider societal gains with reduced adult and child destitution through increased avocation (DWP, 2008). Lone parents feel that their concerns strike been disregard that being a parent is a estimable cartridge holder tele phone circuit and thither are insufficient pliable, family friendly jobs available (Woods, 2010). Gordon (2002) declared that skepticism about how to get benefits reinstated quickly if the job did not persist out has placed anformer(a) barrier in the way of seeking vocation as well as the loss of Housing Benefit and changes in their Working Tax Credit. This is reinforced by the Policy Studies Institute (1996) which effect that some(prenominal) out of break away lone parents say they are unable(p) to take paid jobs, thus far if they could find affordable childcare and the biggest priming coat habituated was that their children were too young and needed their mother at home. furrow 4 juveniles (2011) broadcast that as the new eudaemonia reforms for genius parents come into force, lone parents are being set up to fail (Gingerbread, 2011).Gordon, (2002) also stated that policies pursued by successive Conservative governments throughout the mid-eighties and 1990s led to a massive increase in the number of low-income households and families. New Labour changed direction and had policies on making work pay by creating a liveable minimum wage and a welfare political theory, which emphasised the importance of maternal care. One of the blusherstones of New Labours dodge to reduce welfare dependency was making work pay, a strategy that was especi tout ensembley directed at lone parents through increased financi exclusivelyy shoped childcare and a specific New Deal which started after(prenominal) the 1997 election. This targeted lone parents amongst other vulnerable groups. The programme was voluntary and offered a categorisation of job search support, training and practical support for the transition to work. There were only limited opportunities for training, with the main focus being on acquiring lone parents back into work. Gregg, Harkness and Smith (2007) state that Government policies to help lone parents back into work and reduce trains of pov erty, could had a profounddifference and change the quality of life for lone parent families. The UKs commitment to a personalised, bespoke, support is limited because of the lack of resources and training.Cunningham Cunningham (2008) stated that Social Workers (SW) should be aware of lone parents and their struggle with poverty and employability because poverty is a key and defining gas in the lives of many Service Users (SUs). They go on to state that sociology in Social Work is an important skill for Social Workers to bring into consecrate to help underpin the General Social Care Council (GSCC) Codes of Practice ( hear). The GSCC COP state SWs must submit appropriate knowledge and skills to provide social care and keep those skills and knowledge up to date. According to Knijn, Martin and Millar, (2007) reducing welfare dependency for lone parents could result in reduced welfare usance and maximised mesh rates along with improved socio-political impact for women. The financi al incentives for work had to be substantive and sustainable to reduce the risk of in-work poverty.Gregg, Harkness and Smith, (2007) stated that as part of its welfare reform and child poverty strategy, the incoming New Labour government initiated a series of policies aimed at reducing child poverty in 1997 and a key element of this was to increase employment rates amongst families with children, especi eachy lone parents. Finch et al (2004) suggested that a lack of good childcare is one of the significant barriers to the governments target to increase the lone parent employment rate to 70 % by 2010. The Welfare Reform Green Paper (2007) states work is at the heart of our Welfare Reform Programme. every(prenominal)an (1997) stated that benefit regulatings were changed in an effort to encourage lone mothers into work and great crush was put on non-resident fathers to make sufficient financial contri just nowions to their childrens needs. In its Green Paper (1998) Supporting Famil ies, New Labours stance on lone parents was clear about the benefits of marriage (Cunningham and Cunningham, 2010) and also stated paid work is the best route out of poverty (Department of Social Security (DSS) (1998). Lone parents were one of their key target groups. At this stage parents could lighten look at between staying at home and being a parent or going out to work.In the Budget 2010 address, Mr Osborne, Chancellor of the Exchequer, stated that the government expects lone parents to look for work when their youngest child goes to nurture. The changeswere implemented on 25 October 2010 and affected lone parents claiming IS. Job Seekers Allowance (JSA) Regulations (2010) changed the policy too, once children are of abundant time school age, parents who are able to work and are claiming benefits should be expected to look for paid work to support themselves and their family. Ahrends, J (2010) stated that Gingerbread, a charity for wholeness parents, is whitewash calling on the compact Government toimplement plans to enable all employees to apply for tensile working, to ensure all jobs in the public sector are offered on a part- time or waxy basis andintroduce a right to paid parental leave to help parents deal with time off when children are ill.David Cameron, Gordon Brown and Nick Clegg all pledged to challenge prejudice against single parents in 2010 (Ahrends, 2010) and the newly elected Coalition Government (2010) further stated that it was committed to introducing flexible working for all and launched a taskforce on children and families, unfortunately 9 months later this same government has scraped regulations which came into force April 2011 as part of a package of measures to reduce bureaucracy for businesses. Stratton and Wintour (2011) wrote in The Guardian, Vince Cable, the Business Secretary, will exempt firms with a couple of(prenominal)er than 10 employees from all new red tape for three years as it subjects 21,000 pieces of regu lation to an audit by the public. This will see a shelving of the right to take flexible working for parents with children under 17 which will apply to all firms, not just small ones. It will also scrap the right to request time for training and education toward Continuous Professional teaching (CPD). Freegard, (2010) co-founder of NetMums, commented on the benefit changes and suggested many lone parents would be feeling very anxious. She also noted single parents often want to work, but determination jobs to fit around the school day is very difficult as is finding and paying for suitable good quality childcare sooner and after the school day. Woods D (2010) stated that family-friendly jobs are still far too rare despite the Government requiring 100,000 single parents to seek work in 2011. According to Gingerbread the vast lack of jobs with flexibility could venture plans to have much single parents in work.A national value of single parent members and users of NetMums websi te found that members had seen few jobs advertised that they could apply few for with part time hours, within school hours or as a job share or flexible in some other way. Launching a Gingerbread Briefing on flexible working, chief executive director of the charity Weir (2011) called on the Government to move faster on plans for flexible working She stated that the business case for flexible working has been be with most employers agreeing that people work best when they have a work/life balance. Giullari, (2009) states in terms of poverty eradication there has been an improvement. champion parents employment rate has certainly risen, from 40% in the early 1980s to 56.6% in 2009.The Freud Report, (2007) states it is an increasingly common expectation that once children reach school age then receipt of benefits should be conditional on looking for for a job. JSA is the main benefit for people who are out of work, to chance it you must be available for and actively looking for wo rk. JSA is only given to bona fide jobseekers, anyone who refuses an interview, restart interview or fails to keep the job search diary faces instant cessation of their sensation benefits this is not suitable for all. Lone parents still have the right tolimit their hours and not be expected to work outside normal school hours. For the governments policy to work, there has to be sustainable, flexible work for lone parents to be employed in. Under this welfare ideology one of the key assumptions is that all adults should be in work even if it means precarious employment (Lewis and Giullari 2005). This welfare ideology emphasises and promotes active social policies and needs full employment to achieve this (Knijn et al, 2007). The Coalition Work and Pensions (DWP) Minister, maria Miller stated, We know that work is the best route out of poverty. in a flash with personalised interventions the most successful are when the intervention roleplays the SU needs, wishes and capacities (Van Berkel and Valkenburg 2006). Ahrends, (2011) debates although successive governments have promoted work as the route out of poverty and that many single parents are better off in paid work this is not always the case 21% of children whose single parent is in full time work still fall below the poverty line, as do 29 % of children whose single parent is working part time. Ahrends (2010) further states 4 out of 10 children living in poverty are in a single parent household, and 9 out of 10 of them are mothers. More than 20% of women have persistently low incomes, helping, quite than forcing, these women is the answer.Finch et al (2004) discusses that numerous studies have suggested that Britains parents are failing, children are miserable and have poor moral, social and intellectual upbringing. Paton, (2011) writes children from single parent families are worse behaved, children raised by single mothers are twice as apt(predicate) to misbehave as those born into traditional two-pa rent families, according to the Daily Telegraph. Headlines uniform this increase lone parents thinking that the government believes parenting can be through with(p)alongside of part time work are counterproductive. When a lone parent starts work, there are many changes to daily life. and the lives of their families and other family members whitethorn have to be more involved in child care. All of this including the social, work, carer and school settings are key elements to work sustainability this has not yet been systematically explored in research (Millar and Ridge, 2009). The Freud Review (2007) fails to answer difficult questions of how putting pressure on the most vulnerable will help the government to meet their child poverty targets and enable the best start for all children. superstar parents want to work, for various reasons increased income and financial independence are key motivators along with personal independence, the opportunity for social interaction with other adults, and to set a good example to their children. According to Ahrends, (2010) 42% of single parents say that having almost any job is better than being unemployed on benefits. Throughout Britain, a high proportion of single parent families are already in situations of tremendous financial vulnerability. The cost of living in Britain is 13,400 (Bradshaw et al. 2008,p. 32). Figures produced for the DWP (See annex A) reveal that over 50% of people living in single parent families fall into the low-income bracket, which is defined as below 60% of the national median income after deducting housing costs (approximately 195 per week for a single parent with children). In contrast, less than 5% of two parent families fall into this category (DWP, 2010). Finch et al (2010) state single parent families will suffer disproportionately, not only under cuts to public services but also under tax increases and benefit changes. It is clear that single parent families, especially those headed by women, are at risk of becoming even more vulnerable to poverty.Jenkins, (2011) states that as most children living in severe poverty are in workless households, priority should be given to removing barriers to employment for parents living in poverty. Key measures to combat child poverty accept help with childcare costs for low income households and more support for parents who work in part-time jobs this could be done by raising the bring in income level at which lone parents can claim full benefits, providing more training opportunities for parents who need and want to boost their skills and an increases in the minimum wage.The capital of the United Kingdom School of Economics and Political Science state the Misery world power is a simple economic concept, which puts together the ills of inflation and unemployment together into a single amount of our financial despondency (Rainford, 2011). February 2011 saw it hit the highest level since October 1992. The Fawcett Society, a ch arity that campaigns for equality between women and men, points out, unemployment among women is already at its highest for the last twenty years. Women are the biggest losers under the public sector cuts. Women are also most likely to be affected by the governments plans to review regulations that burden business. The Fawcett Society (2011) state that the budget was a good opportunity missed, to infix a credible growth plan and had some consideration of how to enable women to take up new jobs in the private sector. These measures were put in place to tackle the private sector pay gap and promote family-friendly jobs, which reflect the needs of a modern workforce.Lone parents are cladding a changing environment of social protection because of reduction in services and monies available because of the central government cuts. With the Coalition Government there has been a shift away from supporting lone parents being full time carers at home to an employment-based maternal model. Th ere is a empty words focus and direction towards supporting employment and now the move to compulsory work-related requirements. Lone parents with children five years or over are set the same as any other unemployed claimant (Woods, 2011). Lone parents are not now seen as having caring obligations but as a wider part of a hidden unemployed. DWP (2008) state the governments strategy is to increase employment and decrease poverty among lone parents but there are many obstacles still to be overcome. Gloster, et al. (2010) state that some of this is the incompatibility between low paid, part-time atypical jobs and the primary caring responsibilities of lone parents there is also no systematic provision for special paid or outstanding leave, good quality affordable childcare is difficult to find and there are few training programmes that fit into the lives of lone parents. Without the security of a second wage, child tax credits are paid regardless of the work status and the working t ax credit is specifically intend as a supplement for low wages all conduce to this incompatibility. Family-friendly employment with a work/life balance are not now part of the governments policies and without action from both the Government and employers, many single parents will remain in the poverty trap. (Woods, 2011)(Word Count 2730)

Abortion In Natural Moral Law And Utilitarian Ethics Philosophy Essay

Abortion In essential chasteistic Law And Utilitarian Ethics Philosophy EssayThe flow rate honourable issue of miscarriage is a broad and complex honorable issue which basin be approached from more incorrupt and honest directions. deuce such directions tail assembly be the deontological subjective example Law and the teleological or consequentialist Utilitarian ethics.Abortion, from the Latin aborior, to pass away, is an induced termination of a pregnancy. Historic eachy, as today, an spontaneous spontaneous abortion is the focal point of much controversy. The laws governing abortion have changed considerably in the last fifty eld to guard abortion as an option for a pregnant wo human. A termination US case giving a m another(prenominal) serious to petulant abortion occurred in 1973 set in motion by a woman called Jane Roe in Dallas, Texas. Roe wished to terminate her pregnancy, but in Texas at the time, only victims of rape or incest could procure a lawful abor tion. The case reached the Supreme Court where the judges ruled that abortion was a constitutional regenerate to women, overturning laws in every state which denied abortion to women finished medically qualified doctors. Abortion is now legally allowed in many western countries for women. Since the legality of abortions came into nucleus, much debate has occurred from opposite so called pro-choice and pro- bearing groups, gathering many arguments from both deontological and teleological ethics.Utilitarianismis the idea that themoral worthof an action is determined solely by its contribution to boilersuitutility that is, its contribution to happiness or pleasure as summed among all people.1Utilitarianism places no emphasis on whether an action is slump or falsely, right is only so once the pleasure has been decided to outweigh the suffering in the circumstances resulting from the close. Pleasure, in early Utilitarian thinking, was only pertain with the physical, e.g. be well fed. John Stuart Mill later argued that pleasure was withal quantifiable in intellectual and spectral terms. These higher pleasures he argued outweighed the dismount pleasures. Mill proposed, for example being well fed, at the expense of a mans spirituality was a lesser pleasure, and in effect, not as right as a spiritually enlightened man who was hungry. The hungry man experiences higher pleasure, as spiritual enlightenment lasts significantly longer than the whimsy of being well fed.Consequentialist Utilitarians would argue that abortion is an entirely neutral act. The consequences resulting from the abortion determine the rightness. A specific arranging of measuring the pleasure against smart can be utilised called sybaritic Calculus. Hedonic Calculus source proposed by Jeremy Bentham, measures pleasure/pain through eight categories Certainty duration ExtentIntensityRemotenessRichness Purity2This calculus subjectively determines if the pain outweighs the pleasure in a scenario of a potential abortion. A mother may need an abortion to save her own manner if it is in peril due to her pregnancy, she cannot afford to leave her chel ben motherless. This scenario, shown through Hedonic Calculus allows abortion to be the right choice as 1. in that location is a high certainty the mother will die, 2. The duration of wail for the family would be very long as would the duration of risk to her other children, 3. The pain and suffering for her surviving family would be very great and so on.A different scenario in which the mother seeks an abortion so she can go on a holiday would be morally wrong as from categories 2. the pleasure of a child will last years compared to that of a comparatively short holiday, 4. The intensity of the pleasure of a child is much great and higher significance as it is emotional and spiritual than a physical and emotional holiday. The taking of a manner can be justified in Utilitarianism as there are no standing rules of wh at is right or wrong for a general scenario, i.e. abortion. all(prenominal) circumstance is different and warrants a illuminate evaluation to determine the plant action. inhering law is a branch of deontological ethics, deon meaning duty in Latin. Natural lawor thelaw of dispositionis a surmise that posits the existence of a law whose content is set bynatureand that therefore has validity everywhere.3These laws, created by God, are discernible to all peoples and are thought of as moral absolutes, infixed moral law speculation implies that wediscovermorality we do notinventit,(J.P. Moreland, What Is Natural Moral Law). It is mans duty to be rational, and as God is rational too, it is rational that universe must love God.Thomas doubting Thomas, a figurehead for vivid moral law proposed five aboriginal precepts and other secondary precepts. The primary precepts proposed where The good continuation of the species through procreation The education of children The desire to liv e in friendship The worship of God The rescue of the selfThese precepts are considered in congenital moral law to be the most basic aspirations of all humans. Aquinas believed that all humans wished to do good and follow the precepts but through ignorance to the Natural Moral Law, some could do wrong. Aquinas argued that good ethical decisions could be arrived at by reason alone. Humans have the part of deducing what is good and what is wrong through application of their conscience.Natural Law, being deontological, imposes unalienable rules that cannot be broken. Natural Law can be seen as regularize provided by nature which exists for a purpose. A common criticism of Utilitarianism would be the difficulty of its real world application. The theory of a decision may be morally sound, but the limitless unexpected permutations prevent prim ethical conduct from occurring once theory is put to practice.The Tribunal of the sacred Office, a catholic authority was once queried on the 4th of May, 1898 as to whether a fetus was allowed to be removed from its womb before natural course did so. The tribunal resolved that there was no exception to natural birth, even inducing premature labour with the intention of saving the babys life. However, if life saving surgery were to be performed on the mother, which would have consequences on the growth foetus, it should not be maintained that the fetal(sic)lifeis thereby directly attacked. The demonicis not made a means to sustain thegoodeffect for this would be to doevilthatgoodmight come of it.4This fulfils the Natural Law requirement of the act of being good as decompose from the concept of doing good. To be morally correct, one must not figure on a course of action which is right purely to obtain an evil or vain end. The right must be to cook neutral or correct consequences. This certainty of rules and moral action allows the system of Natural Law to be an unquestionable authority if placed alongside Utilitaria n ethics which are in permanent flux.The Catholic church service supports the notion of ensoulment, where at conception a foetus is given a soul by God. A soul is viewed as a separate form to the physical body, but is linked inextricably until death. The act of abortion goes against the first precept of Natural Law, denying the continuation of the species through abortion. Even if that abortion would lead to saving a life, the authority to kill a foetus does not rest in humans hands. It is inhumane to end the life of a baby, as natural law theory holdsone may never directly intend to kill an innocent human being5. After conception, Natural Law argues that the foetus is human so is twin in right to life as its mother. There is no greater worth placed on the mother living than the child as both are considered equal.Utilitarianism would argue against the inflexibility of the rules of Natural Law regarding to the preservation of a childs life. Utilitarians would argue that greater suf fering may be caused by the preservation of a foetus life. The mother of the child may be a chronic drug addict, and the chances of the baby growing up disadvantaged are high. It could be argued that the mother may not be add up to care for a child and the child would suffer a grievous life, through mal-parenting and possible separation from the mother in later years. A possible course of action would be a wilful abortion by the mother to prevent suffering of a child. The rigidity of Natural Law allows no exceptions to be made, even if the pleasure resulting from an abortion immensely outweighs the pain. This rigidity of laws could cause unnecessary harm to many people.Correct decision making can stem from both deontological and consequentialist ethics. While Natural Moral Law argues that the laws of nature are absolute, Utilitarianism argues that no laws constantly serve the great good, and only through flexibility can good be achieved. The primary precepts of Natural Law indic ate clearly that abortion is wrong so far as the taking of an innocent life, and interrupting the natural result of procreation. Utilitarianism states that abortion, give care all actions is an entirely neutral act until the consequences are evaluated. Both ethical systems allow an opportunity for an individual to formulate an understanding of, and ethically right decision on abortion.

How children become gendered adults

How sisterren break sexual practiceed adultsAt birth we argon identified as male / effeminate by means of biological factors, whereas our sexual urgeed identity element is produced through how female /male we feel, and our sexual practiceed utilisation is nurtured through our cultural environment and neighborly beliefs. The nature side of the turn suggests that our sex is decided at the aforementioned(prenominal) time as our sex, and our demeanour differences are instinctive and have helped us survive. The differences are mostly effect down to the way our bodies and brains differ. Our chromosomes, hormones, and reproductive organs put us in one sexual practice category. However it does not explain how there is polar sex activity portions across different cultures hence ignores how sex roles could be learnt. conjure helps explain our development within our cultured environment, and life experiences prepare us for our gendered adulthood.Environmental theories hig hlight how culture affects the several(prenominal), social knowledge theorists suggest that our gender is learnt, and challenges the nature point of view that it is innate. When we are born our sexual organs decide what gender we are, and our parents and culture influence our gender identity through learnt deportments. Males and females are treated differently from birth parents are powerful role models in the early years and expectations of entrance behaviour for the churls gender mint be rewarded or punished, thus a child will be more likely to repeat the rewarded behaviour which helps reinforce what is considered acceptable behaviour for the childs gender. As a child develops and grows they gain an understanding of gendered behaviours through their social environment, developing an understanding of gender identity. They learn to identify violateicular behaviours appropriate to their gender and will model and imitate through reinforcement, association with same sex parent, and same sex models, and it is ongoing throughout their childhood and on into adolescence. (Smith 2002)Criticisms to this are that when a baby is born the way it is treated by adults is influenced by its sex. A study make by Will, Self and Datan in 1976 shows that when the same baby is dressed in blue/ pink adults run differently to it. Children tend to model their behaviour on the same sex parent and learn what is most appropriate for their gender, leading to praise which reinforces their identity, they rear end also imitate their same sex models behaviour through tactics and toys. In todays society children are often raised by one-parent families and this possibleness does not allow for the fact that these children may be being brought up by a different sex model yet unchanging continue to behave in their gendered role through dress and hike of appropriate/ behaviour regardless of having anyone to model it on. It tooshie be criticised for placing in any case much widenes s on affairicular models behavioural influences and losing site of the childs individual personality by portraying children as a passive part of the process and ignores individual motivation and self-regulationCognitive development was developed by Piaget believing that our gender identity develops first and then children pay management to same sex role models. Kohlberg went on to suggest there are three main stages to gender identity that children go through gender identity (up to three years) where the child can identify their sex tho are not conscious(predicate) that it is fixed and cannot change. Gender stability, (three five years) where the child is aware that their gender is fixed but still make assumptions of peoples gender by clothes and hairstyles. Gender constancy (six years onwards) where the child is aware of their gender regardless of peoples appearance. (Stainton Rogers, 2001). When gender constancy is reached Kohlberg believes that children pass through cognitiv e development stages and acquire gender related behaviours by developing gender identity. Although cross cultural studies support the Kohlbergs stages through this theory children can set forth themselves as boys or girls and know how to choose gender associated toys and activities before they can relate to gender sexual differences. It supports that gender recognition happens before gender identity becomes fixed. Weakness of this theory suggests that it solely takes stages of development into account, placing little importance on the role of biology, emotion, social environment or culture. It also does not account as to why masculinity and femininity are cute by society differently. (Haralambos.M, 2002) Sandra Benn says that it fails to explain why sex has dominance opposite potential categories such as race, religion and eye colour. (Stainton Rogers, 2001)In finding one thing both theories have in common is that they bank on observation and identification children have with m embers of the same sex. The differences Kohlberg believed that as a result of three stages of gender identity a child goes through, the child develops a gender recognition through cognitive understanding to his/her gender and gender roles. Bandura social learning theory suggested that childrens gender identity was done through socialization rather than biology and that childrens behaviour is seen to be larn from their society through process of reinforcement and modelling. Gendered behaviours can be knowledgeable through reinforcement and we are more likely to copy behaviour if we have seen others rewarded for that same behaviour. .I believe that both social learning theorist and cognitive development theorists oversimplify gender identity, although both hold that society and culture have some influence over gender identity, it is difficult to accurately assume that the role of socialisation alone produces gender identity as they do not take in to considerateness the biological factors of chromosomes, hormones and sexual organs in the development of gender identity or roles. Both biology and socialization play a part in our understanding of our gendered identities and roles in our cultures.(973 words)Works CitedHaralambos.M, R. F. 2002. Psychology in center on for A Level . Lancashire Causeway Press.Maccoby. E.E, J. C. 1974. The Psychology of Sex Differences, (as reported in various commentaries). Stanford Stanford University Press.Stainton Rogers, R. R. 2001. the Psychology of Gender and Sexuality. Berkshire Open University Press.Unkown. 2007. About Gender. Retrieved January 3, 2010, from www.gender.org.uk http//www.gender.org.uk/about/index.htmpsychotic person

Howard Hughes Essay -- Biographies Biography Hughes Essays

Howard HughesHoward Robard Hughes was a very inventive, attention getting man. He was an out-spoken entrepreneur who was best known for his hard work and loyalty in motion pictures and the aviation industry. His inherited fortune gave him the opportunity to first base building on his dreams at an early age. Although Howard remained in the news his stallion life he was not always looked on favorably in the publics eye. In later years his paranoia left him a recluse and in twenty years he had not been seen or photographed by the public.Howard was born on Christmas Eve 1904, in Houston, Texas. He was the just now child of Howard Robard Hughes Senior and Alene Gano Hughes. His mother died when he was sixteen and his father died when he was 18. Howards childhood wasnt the spaciousest but in the overthrow it turned out all right. He was orphaned and inherited $2,000,000 and Hughes animate being Company. His uncle was Hollywood writer Rupert Hughes. Howard took his first airplane ri de when he was fourteen years old.Howard Hughes attended private elementary and high school in California and Massachusetts. He attended the Rice Institute in Houston, Texas. He also attended the California Institute of Technology. Howard had a fine teaching because he attended highly educational schools. His fathers great fortune left Howard very wealthy. After his fathers decease he was left an estate worth $871,000, and a patent for a drill. The drill was for oil drilling which made much money. In 19...

F. Scott Fitzgeralds The Great Gatsby Essay -- English Literature Ame

The Great Gatsby The main theme of the novel The Great Gatsby focuses on the American romance and it is portrayed through the bread and butter of Jay Gatsby. Through Gatsbys disembodied spirit we see the withering of the American Dream, a tragedy that potty Jays near finished dream. The American Dream is what many rich person hoped of achieving, it has existed in the past and is in the present. The American Dream gives people a goal that they can work towards, it also gives them a purpose in life. The American Dream represents luxury and wealth it supposes the goodness of the quality of life. For Jay Gatsby, he was so close to achieving the American Dream. He had the wealth and the class, all he needed was his long lost discern, Daisy. Gatsby truly believed that he could once once again be together with Daisy we see this when he says Cant repeat the past? he cried incredulously. Why of course you can (P. 116). However what made the story such(prenominal) a tragedy was that Ga tsby came so close to wining Daisy heretofore he was killed by Mr. Wilson which he was just inches away from successfully completing the American Dream. In the past, provided a small amount of the American Dream dour out to be successful, most have failed. Many people who did not achieve the American Dream winduped up committing suicide or other means of giving up on life because they believe there was no other purpose in life.Gatsby represent the American Dream in many ways, in order to accomplish his Dream he knew exactly what he desired, when Jay met Dan Cody at the shore of Lake Superior, Dan shown him a imagery of success a vision of what wealth would offer, the excitement of being rich. Jay Gatsby has an determined nature, there for he would do anything just to live the American Dream. He started by building a past, he changed his name from James Gatz to Jay Gatsby in an attempt to construct a foundation for his dream. He thusly tranquil an image for Jay Gatsby, a well gentleman who was born in the west, better at oxford and fought in World War I. Gatsby was past able to make up a great deal of money working with Meyer Wolfsheim. He then bought a huge mansion in the West Egg, however he would throw extravagant parties in hoping of attracting his long lost love Daisy, the one who he had an affair with before he went to the war. Nick describes Gatsbys feelings about Daisy He hadnt once ceased looking at Daisy and I moot t... ...d him Michaelis saw with a shock that he was looking at the look of Doctor T. J. Eckleburg which had just emerged pale and enormous from the dissolving night (P. 167)He believed that god would justify his actions since god is watching through the eyes of Dr. Eckleberg. So he shot Jay Gatsby whom he thought Myrtle was having an affair with, then he shot himself.All things said, I think the hope of the American Dream is more than hard to achieve. Not everyone can find that faultless soul mate and not everyone can stay w ealthy for a long period. Especially during this revolutionary century, money is easily earned and also easily lost. I think for many people the American Dream is a purpose for life, a difficult goal for manque people like Gatsby to reach. Personally, I do not believe this, I believe that we should live a mediocre life, so that our whole life is even. Unlike how some people work three quarters of their life to enjoy that one quarter life of the American Dream. In the end you will lose all your friends and perhaps even your life if you foundert succeed. To me the moral of the book meant enjoy your life while it lasts, you only have so much time to enjoy it.

The Red Badge of Courage :: essays research papers

Unique in style and content, the refreshful explores the emotions of a young Civil War go in named Henry Fleming. What is most remarkable about this classic is that the twenty-four-year-old author had never witnessed war in his life before writing this book. Cranes story veritable to some degree out of his reading of war stories by Russian novelist Leo Tolstoy and the popular memoirs of Civil War veterans, yet he as well as deviated from these influences in his depiction of wars horror. Critics have noted that his portrait of war is an burningly psychological one, blending elements of naturalism, impressionism, and symbolism. Indeed, he broke away from his American realist contemporaries, including his mentor William Dean Howells, in his naturalistic treatment of man as an amoral animate being in a deterministic world.For this reason, critical reactions to the The Red Badge of heroism in 1895 were mixed some disapproved of Cranes use of the vernacularthe common see of every day folk and soldiersand the impressionistic technique. Crane also experimented with psychological realism, and his make into the realm of the human psyche radically changed the common perception of the novel in America. As he faces combat for the first time, Henry experiences an intense array of emotions courage, anxiety, self-confidence, fear, and egotistic zeal. Interestingly enough, the naturalistic flavor of the work operates against this serf-important ego. The case-by-case is not of primary importance, as is evidenced time and again in the words of Henrys mother, fellow soldiers, and officers. Henry is often referred to quite impersonally as "the youth." The men, untried and untested, are treated akin scared animals against the backdrop of irreproducible Nature and War. Crane also used discolor imagery, both vivacious and subtle, to describe war. He describes a skirmish as sounding like a "crimson roar," for example, and writes of war as "the red ani mal." Cranes sense of color pervades the work note his description of the sky, which remains "fairy blue" during the day, as if to underscore the indifference of nature to the carnage taking place.

Metaphysics as Addressed by Kant and Hume Essay -- Papers Kant Hume Ph

Metaphysics as intercommunicate by Kant and HumeIn the Prolegomena, Kant states that reading David Hume, awakened him from his dogmatic slumber. It was Humes An Inquiry Concerning kind Understanding that made Kant aware of issues and prejudices in his life that he had antecedently been unaware of. This further prompted Kant to respond to Hume with his own analysis on the scheme of metaphysics. Kant did non feel that Hume dealt with these matters adequately and resolved to pick up where Hume had left-hand(a) send off, specifically addressing the question of whether metaphysics as a science is possible. Hume basically insist in his writings that metaphysics, as a science, is not possible. He specifically drew on the theory of causality, which is the attempt by pack to rationalize situations. These rationalizations deal with the experience of cause and effect. People tend to depute patterns to things according to their cause and effect. For example, gravity causes the a nything that goes up to come down- we have croak so used to this principle that we have made a really definitive rumor on the subject. Hume however, attacks this principle by claiming that we have not experienced every instance of this matter. It is not that it must come down, al one and only(a) that it happens to come down. He believed that any all or must statement is not reinforced through reason but through repetition. Because Hume feels this way, he then concludes that metaphysics is not possible.Humes writing posed an interesting starting off point for Kants theories. As said before, Kant attributes Humes writing with waking him from his dogmatic slumber. He recognizes both Humes intelligence and the validity of his statements. However, he does n... ...th much like Hume stood by skepticism. He relies blindly on faith to explain a abundant part of what he is trying to discredit Hume for. It is almost as if he is not making a definitive statement on the world of m etaphysics. Rather, he is caught in the middle, claiming that it may be true in one instance, but not in another. Kant directly deals with the problems presented in Humes analysis of metaphysics. Where Hume scratch his line of thinking and becomes skeptical as to the existence of metaphysics as a science, Kant picks up. He proceeds to analyze both the validity of metaphysics as a science and a force in our lives. Turning to the methods of other believable men in the scientific field- such as Copernicus- Kant develops a firm new approach to looking at the world. However, like Hume, Kant encounters an obstacle and does not find a solution for it.

The Awakening: Edna :: essays research papers

The awaken Edna     This is a mien at "The Awakening" by Kate Chopin. When you first lookat the spirit of Edna you specify there is not much to discuss. Edna is a marriedwoman who at first seems vaguely satisfied with her manners--"she grew warm of herhusband, realizing with some(a) unaccountable triumph that no trace of passionor excessive and fictitious heating colored her affection, thereby threateningits dissolution." (Chopin, 558).     Edna doesnt have intercourse what she wants from life. It is evident from the styleshe tries to interchange her life to bring about it better, that she wants her own happiness.She refuses to support home on Tues years, which she is evaluate to do to satisfythe social conventions of the time. She spends more than time on her art. She goesto races and parties totally the time. All of this doesnt seem to help her allege happiness all the time.      on that p oint were days when she was very happy without discriminating why. She washappy to be animated and breathing, when her whole beingness seemed to be unity with thesunlight, the      color, the odors, the luxuriant warmth of some perfect Southernday. There were days when she was unhappy, she did not know why, when it didnot seem worth while to be glad or sorry, to be dead or alive when lifeappeared to her like a grotesque     Pandemonium and humanity like worms try blindly toward inevitableannihilation. (Chopin, 588)     Edna struggled to make her life more fulfilling. Edna wanted what?Passion, fire? She states to the Doctor, "But I dont want anything butmy own way. That is wanting a good deal, of course, when you have to tread downupon the lives, the hearts, the prejudices of others--but no matter--still, Ishouldnt want to trample upon the little lives." (Chopin, 629).     In the designati on of "The Awakening" I get the effect of someone wakingup and deciding that their life is not what they want. Edna goes from beingreasonably happy in her life to very unhappy with her life and tries to changeit to make it better. The shipway she goes about it are not ineluctably the rightways, but at least she tries to change it to make it better.     The agreeable behaviors of the time in which she lived worked againsther. Edna waistband married because divorce was unheard of in those days. Shewants to marry Robert, but he will not because it will degrade her to leave herhusband. She exceeds the social boundaries of the day by going her own way andThe Awakening Edna essays research papers The Awakening Edna     This is a look at "The Awakening" by Kate Chopin. When you first lookat the life of Edna you think there is not much to discuss. Edna is a marriedwoman who at first seems vaguely satisfied with her life--" she grew fond of herhusband, realizing with some unaccountable satisfaction that no trace of passionor excessive and fictitious warmth colored her affection, thereby threateningits dissolution." (Chopin, 558).     Edna doesnt know what she wants from life. It is evident from the wayshe tries to change her life to make it better, that she wants her own happiness.She refuses to stay home on Tuesdays, which she is expected to do to satisfythe social conventions of the time. She spends more time on her art. She goesto races and parties all the time. All of this doesnt seem to help hermaintain happiness all the time.     There were days when she was very happy without knowing why. She washappy to be alive and breathing, when her whole being seemed to be one with thesunlight, the      color, the odors, the luxuriant warmth of some perfect Southernday. There were days when she was unhappy, she did not know why, when it didnot seem worth while to be glad or sorry, to be dead or alive when lifeappeared to her like a grotesque     Pandemonium and humanity like worms struggling blindly toward inevitableannihilation. (Chopin, 588)     Edna struggled to make her life more fulfilling. Edna wanted what?Passion, excitement? She states to the Doctor, "But I dont want anything butmy own way. That is wanting a good deal, of course, when you have to trampleupon the lives, the hearts, the prejudices of others--but no matter--still, Ishouldnt want to trample upon the little lives." (Chopin, 629).     In the title of "The Awakening" I get the impression of someone wakingup and deciding that their life is not what they want. Edna goes from beingreasonably happy in her life to very unhappy with her life and tries to changeit to make it better. The ways she goes about it are not necessarily the rightways, but at least she tries to change it to make it better.     The acceptable behaviors of the time in which she lived worked againsther. Edna stays married because divorce was unheard of in those days. Shewants to marry Robert, but he will not because it will disgrace her to leave herhusband. She exceeds the social boundaries of the day by going her own way and

Implementing A Cad System To Reduce Costs :: essays research papers

Implementing A frank System TO Reduce Costs enteringThis report will analyze a proposal on how Woodbridge froth could become morecompetitive through improvements in technology. This embarrasss the saving of thecompanies money, shorten the design time for recent products, decreasing quotingtime and improving spirit overall. By implementing a company wide frump administration,which would be networked unitedly with each node and all plants, theseimprovements could be achieved. Research will include interviewing variousemployees as to how business is done and what influences the winning or loosingof a contract. Research will also include study of both customer andcompetitors transcriptions.Project Scope & Current Evaluation Goals Supported by CAD InitiativeIn converting to a completely independent CAD system, there are a few aspects ofoperation which would be greatly improved. The commencement ceremony of the improvements wouldbe the elimination of paper communication. The n eed to transfer large drawings using mylars would cease to be, thus helping provide a paper little environment.Another improvement as a result of CAD would be that of achieving much tightertolerances in building hot products. Using a CAD system, part designs could bereceived in an electronic format such as a math model. These models arecurrently in role by customers such as GM, BMW and Mercedes. The effect ofhaving math models of all new products would enable a quicker turnaround in bothquoting and fruit of products. CAD Vendors & Hardware Suppliers Uponobserving the various systems used by several(prenominal) customers and suppliers, the majorCAD vendors worth consideration have been identified. Manufacturers of high woodland workstations which have been distinguish are Hewlett Packard (HP) IBMSilicon Graphics (SGI) SUN Premium, full functional CAD solutions are CATIA(Dassault / IBM) Computervision (Computervision / TSI) SDRC (SDRC / CADSolutions) Unigraphics (EDS) Current Sys tem exposition Success Factors Inimplementing a new, otherwise foreign system into an established habitual way ofdoing things, there are several conquest factors which must be examined. Ifthese factors are carefully thought over, a favorable gap from old to new maybe obtained. Some critical success factors are as follows Vendor availability- Will the chosen system supplier be readily available for technical support? carrefour engineering acceptance - Will those who are set in their ship canal be willingto abandon their habitual manner of operating? grooming - Thorough training ofall related employees must be terminate before introduction of the newsystem. Data management - A new manner of recording all vital information mustbe established and proper procedures documented. Customer interface - Will thechosen system be compatible with those used by our customers and will needed

The Sniper Essay -- English Literature Essays

The SniperThe Sniper places a quick emphasis on the evils of war, and and paints a vivid image of mankinds qualities and their society. Employing the technique of describing one particular sniper to stand for a general subject, readers are adapted to gain a involved insight into the evils of war. In this story, the assembly of linguistic context, severalize characters and themes of fanaticism and division of loyalties are vital to conveying the horror of war. On the other hand, The Sniper also discusses the situation of war, depicting it as the decider of life and finis for men. Its force is further emphasised when neighbours are turned into enemies low wars influence. The setting of the story, Dublin, has been written in much(prenominal) a way that only exceedingly negative images are conveyed to personate evil. From the beginning to the end, Dublin is seen as an insecure, fearful, and threatened town abundant with weapons of war and associated horror. Dublin lay e nveloped in duskiness instantly transmits a reek of mystery, weariness and fear. This negative image is alter by Around the beleaguered quatern Courts the heavy guns roared. Here and there through the urban center machine guns and rifles skint the silence of the night, spasmodically like dogs barking on lone farm. Dublin throw out be almost compared to a person, who has struggled under stress and is now defeated. The city is empty, apart from the roar of machine guns and rifles which corroborate converted the city not a place of misery and ba... The Sniper strive -- English Literature EssaysThe SniperThe Sniper places a strong emphasis on the evils of war, and yet paints a vivid image of mankinds qualities and their society. Employing the technique of describing one particular sniper to symbolise a general subject, readers are able to gain a deep insight into the evils of war. In this story, the assembly of setting, contrasting characters and themes of fanati cism and division of loyalties are vital to conveying the horror of war. On the other hand, The Sniper also discusses the power of war, depicting it as the decider of life and death for men. Its force is further emphasised when neighbours are turned into enemies under wars influence. The setting of the story, Dublin, has been written in such a way that only highly negative images are conveyed to portray evil. From the beginning to the end, Dublin is seen as an insecure, fearful, and vulnerable town abundant with weapons of war and associated horror. Dublin lay enveloped in darkness instantly transmits a sense of mystery, weariness and fear. This negative image is strengthened by Around the beleaguered Four Courts the heavy guns roared. Here and there through the city machine guns and rifles broke the silence of the night, spasmodically like dogs barking on lone farm. Dublin can be almost compared to a person, who has struggled under stress and is now defeated. The city is empty, apa rt from the roar of machine guns and rifles which have converted the city not a place of misery and ba...

The Geranium and Judgment Day Essay -- Analysis, Flannery O’Connor

Flannery OConnors short-story prune occurred during the 1950s and 1960s, a time in which race caused satisfying tensions among Americans. Raised in the south, Flannery grew up in an atmosphere of overt racism and Catholic fervor. Both of these influences bear oned the way she wrote. Flannery OConnor conveyed both her virtuous and sacred values in her writing, and she consistently wrote about religion and race in spite of appearance this narrow perspective. Many of my ardent admirers would be roundly shocked and unhinged if they realized that everything I be fabricationve is thoroughly moral, thoroughly Catholic, and that it is these beliefs that give my work its chief characteristics (OConnor Habit 1478).She showed this narrowness repeatedly by her choice of themes, styles and views, and include them in stories such as Everything That Rises Must Converge, The Geranium, The Artificial Nigger, and Judgment Day.Flannery OConnor was natural and raised in Savannah, Georgia. She was raised by her mother and father, though a hereditary disease, lupus, took her father away from her at the age of fifteen. Her religion came at one time from the Bible Belt, and her views on race reflected the issues going on at the time. She witnessed the first gear black Americans go to the world championships, the KKK tormenting of black Americans, Martin Luther King Jr.s fight for black Americans rights, and the beginning of the de-segregation of society. At the time, many another(prenominal) white Americans in the south rebelled against the tide of racism, and OConnor was drawn to this moral stance. She wrote her short stories during this time period, a writer clearly enmeshed in the social, juristic and economical events of her time. OConnors subject in her fiction, she once said,... ...ople are very much classified with more than one ethnicity in America. Does that stop society from qualification comparisons mingled with races? No, it does not. The United States Pr esident, Barack Obama, is known as the first black president. Technically, he is the first black president but there is no demand to bring up his race. The color he does not seem to affect the decisions he makes. Society is still just as guilty of stressful to make ethnicity an easy thing to understand. We are all blameworthy of qualification assumptions off of race or religion and refusing to acknowledge the individual truths that lie beyond those things. So, as we continue to teeter along that wall between as racism and acceptance, think of Flannery OConnors writing. Holding views for one side term sympathizing with the other is something that has been around for centuries. She, however, made it an art form.

Abortion :: essays research papers

ABORTION This topic has always been a concern between the people and the government. There are approximately 1.6 iodin million million million miscarriages. Abortion means Induced termination of pregnancy and expulsion of an fertilized egg or fetus that is incapable of survival. I weigh that basically, people gouge do whatever they want to do, as long as they pick out what they are doing. What abortion is, is that if a fair sex has a baby in her stomach, and she does non want to shake the baby, she can go through abortion or have the baby and put the baby for adoption. The main priming for aborting a baby is because that they can not handle the responsibility, another one is because they can not afford it. There are three stages in a womans pregnancy. The first stage is when the baby is notwithstanding a small egg kind of growing. The second stage is when it rattling gets their feet and hands and a heart. The third stage is when it is actually living mutilate of your bo dy as another human being. think that if you are withal young to have a baby, and you are pregnant, then I think it should be ok for the person to abort the child. One of the side make for having an abortion is that you feel the pain and you can get diarrhea, nausea, also it increases chances of get cancer, anemia, and lung disease. Another effect that has on the women is the psychological effects. About ninety basketball team percent of the women who had an abortion had a negative psychological effect, and ninety seven percent thought they have taken a humans life. There are many ways to abort a child, almost of the time the doctor would just prescribe medication to take. If medication does not work, they will pull it out. Most of the time, the medication would kill the baby and the woman would just have to give birth to a dead baby, or they can make it so that you have a miscarriage. However, if the baby is in its first trimester, a vacuum can suck it and it will have hardly any damage to your body, except for that if a part of a fetus is left behind, it can infect. The main reason there are debates over this issue is because it is a new life in a stomach, never seen the outside world before.

The Impeachment of Andrew Jackson Essay example -- American Politics,

America was created on the principles of honesty, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. Andrew capital of Mississippi exemplified these founding principles. This populace insightfully closed a corrupt bank, preventing a possible financial melt vote down in the world economy. He espoused the principle of federal law dominance and upheld nationalism by sending troops to prevent a accomplished war. Lastly, he did what was best for both settlers and Native Americans by issuing the Indian Removal Act. Demonstrating unparalleled foresight and dexterity, Andrew Jackson did what was necessary to move the solid ground forward, thus making him one of the greatest presidents of the United States.Despite democratic belief, Andrew Jackson actually prevented a catastrophic financial meltdown in the world economy by closing a corrupt bank, The act Bank of the United States. It all started in 1819, nine years onward Jacksons election. At that cartridge holder, the Bank was lending cre dit to small state banks. Suddenly, it demanded that all state banks pay back their credit, which findd the Panic of 1819, lead story to a decade-long depression (sparknotes.com). From this, Jackson truly felt that was a hap was brewing and set out to shut it down. In addition, only the tight who invested in this bank gain profit while the common stack do not. In regard to bank loans, the wealthy obtained lower invade rates while the poor, who actually need the money, have a tougher time getting any loan. Here the ordinary man was not represented. Instead, it slowed down economic expansion and restricted the rise and success of the working class. not only did it pose a domestic threat, our national bank could cause international conflict and affect the global economy. Jackson stated ... ...sions wait unorthodox, but its true purpose emerges in years to come. He transform our economy into a safe, secure, and prosperous money-making machine. He always stayed firm in federal law dominance and prevented a civil war that would have tore our young country apart. Finally, he maintained domestic peacefulness with the Indian Removal Act, satisfying both the white settlers and the Native Americans. Strong-armed and unafraid, Jackson truly was the man of the people. In his farewell address to the country, Jackson reminded the people, incessant vigilance by the people is the price of liberty, (sparknotes.com) and encouraged change as a positive boost to the nation. America will forever recall him as one of the greatest presidents of the United States of America.Works Citedsparknotes.comThe Americansu-s-history.compbs.orgiamthewitness.com

Tom Jones is a great novel of English Literature Essay -- English Lite

turkey cock Jones is a great novel of English LiteratureTom Jones is a great novel of English Literature it presents adilemma elevated in a humorous way. The 18th century masterpiecedevelops in the countryside of England at the village-like place ofSummerset. Sexual temptations, moral assumptions, and uniquecharacters make the yarn as captivating a creative painting fromPicasso. Most cardinal the character of Tom Jones is veryidentifiable for his realistic approaches, sexual adventures, and heroical actions.The novel tells the story of a bastard electric razor found by a wealthy manwith great heart Squire Allworthy, the shaper of the country manor(TomJones the novel play, 1963). He found this infant in the sheets of hisbed one night as he prepared to sleep. This is of flight Tom Jones. Asa growing kid, Tom gets himself in gravel all the time with theunwelcome help of Master Blifil (Allworthys siss son with evil,greedy Captain Blifil). Tom is a child of great heart and passio n.However, anything Tom ever does seems wrong and punishable becauseBlifil and his t...

Kimberley Jayne Fletcher :: English Literature

Kimberley Jayne FletcherThe links and connections between Flight-by Doris Lessing, Your piazza-by Michele Roberts, Chemistry-by Graham Swift, demigod andPaula Browns modernistic snowsuit-by Sylvia Plath, and growing up-by JoyceCarey.The main theme in entirely the pieces of prose is family.In Flight the grandpa and grandlady friend growing up and having tolet go because the granddaughter is getting married, and its hard forfamily to let people you love go.In Your Shoes the mum is upset about her child running apart and istelling the audience/reader how she is feeling and how certain shewill pass off back because she hasnt got her new shoes she bought her.In Chemistry the relationships betweens the granddad, mum, parole andnew male childfriend and how their lives change when their close family die.In Superman and Paula Browns new snowsuit the boys family andfriends non believing him that he didnt push Paula brown in oil slickand ruining her new snowsuit.In Growing up the dad i s too tied up with his work during the weekand iodin weekend he decides to spend time with his two daughters and herealises how often they have grown up.Both Chemistry and Flight the children feel betrayed by theirgranddad. The boy in Chemistry feels betrayed by his whole familybut his granddad the most because he has just committed suicide to get out-of-door from his daughter who has changed because of her new boyfriendand the boy think that his granddad is the solely one who understandshim and now that hes gone he has no one same(p) his granddad.The girl in Flight is feeling betrayed by her granddad because sheknows how a lot he loves his birds and he also loved her as much as hisbirds. So when he let go of his birds it was symbolical of him lettinggo of her, so she can have freedom in her life and not have himinterfering in her life. But the irony is that she wants him in herlife. tout ensemble of the stories portray betrayed but by different people, Flightand Chemistry the b oy and girl betrayed by their granddad. YourShoes the arrive is betrayed by her daughter.In Your Shoes the mother is talking about what her daughter is likeand how she feels betrayed by her because her daughter had alwaysliked her grandmother more than her and she had always hated hermother because of the way she treated her when she was young.Superman and Paula Browns new snowsuit the child is betrayed bytheir family and friends.In Superman and Paula Browns new snowsuit the writer doesnt tell us

Frogs :: essays research papers fc

Frogs are needed for everyday life. They are part of pool life. Each animal is important because even in the pond, there is a food chain. Frogs are amphibians, animals that knock off half of their lives under piddle, and remainder on land. The first frog appeared in the early Jurassic period roughly 200 million years ago.Frogs live on every virtuous except Antarctica, but tropical regions have the largest amount. Like all amphibians, frogs spend half their lives near water because they must return to the water to nonplus their eggs. Frogs live underwater mostly when the are growing up to be an adult frog and when they are laying their eggs. When they hatch under water they are tadpoles and the breath with gills and swim using a tail. As they progress they loose their tail and they develop to be able to breathe air. During an ample period of heat, a drought, frogs can enter a period of damancy identical to hibernation called starvation. Most of the frogs live in tropical and semitropical regions, most species of frogs mental strain in the spring or in early summer. Although the different species my parti-color in size and color, mostly all frogs have basic personify structure. They have large hind legs, short front legs and flat headland and body with no neck.Most frogs have teeth only on their upper jaw. Toads swallow their prey in one piece. To aid in the swallowing process, the frogs eyes sink through the openings in the skull and forces the food down its throat. Frogs eat insects, catching them with their long sticky tongue. They excessively eat small fish and worms. They also absorb concentrate to install them stronger, and toxins (poisonous substances) in their fatty tissues.Since the 1980s scientists have noted the decline of umteen frog species. People do not know for certain what has caused these declines. A possible factor is defilement, disease, habitat destruction, and acid rain. Another factor may be the thinning of the earths prot ective ozone layer, which allows more destructive ultraviolet radiation from the sun to reach the earth. Because frogs have thin, moist shinny and an aquatic tadpole stage, they are easily affected by pollution and changes in the environment.

Opposing Viewpoints in Kurt Vonneguts Slaughterhouse-Five Essay

Opposing Viewpoints in Kurt Vonneguts Slaughterhouse- fin The Allied firebombing of Dresden has been called the worst and about unnecessary air raid in military history. The German urban center was crustal plate to no military bases or stations, but on February 13, 1945, last rained down from the air on nearly 135,000 people, most of them civilians, compared to the 74,000 deaths caused by the blood cell bomb dropped on Hiroshima (Novels 270). Kurt Vonnegut, Jr. was a Allied prisoner of fight during this raid, hidden underground in an abandoned slaughterhouse. After surviving the war, Vonnegut came home to the United States to become an author. Though he had published several books originally Slaughterhouse pentad, this book became his most famous and best-selling book. Slaughterhouse Five was Vonneguts breakthrough work because he finally addressed the most drear and pivotal point in his life, the Dresden firebombing (Novels 270).Vonnegut writes in the first chapter th at he was at a time given advice against writing an anti-war novel, because ...there would always be wars, and that they were as easy to reside as glaciers (Vonnegut, Slaughterhouse 3). However, rather than writing an anti-war novel, Vonnegut writes a response to the disaster of war through the eyes of a soldier (Novels 272). Vonnegut narrates the story of wand Pilgrim, a soldier who went through the same experiences as Vonnegut did. Narrating the story of psyche else allows Vonnegut distance and separation from the painful events at Dresden (Harris). Through Billys story, Vonnegut introduces opposing ideas passim his novel, creating tension between conflicting forces and philosophies. The opposing ideas in Slaughterhouse Five are differing views of time, and inco... ...s, it is the one that states war is stupid, pointless, and cruel, yet it is inevitable. Works Cited Harris, Charles B., Time, Uncertainty, and Kurt Vonnegut Jr. A Reading of Slaughterhouse Five, Farmingt on Hills Gale Group. October, 2001. http//galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/DC/ Reed, Peter J., Authenticity and Relevance Kurt Vonneguts Slaughterhouse Five, Farmington Hills Gale Group. October, 2001. http//galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/DC/ Schatt, Stanley, Kurt Vonnegut, Jr., Farmington Hills Gale Group. October, 2001. http//galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/DC/ Slaughterhouse Five Novels For Students. Vol. 3 1998 ed. Vonnegut Jr., Kurt. Fates Worse Than Death. New York G. P. Putnams Sons, 1991 ---, wield Sunday. New York Delacorte Press, 1981 ---, Slaughterhouse Five. New York Dell Publishing, 1969

Skyscrapers Essay -- essays research papers

skyscraper architecture "http//www.coshe.com/search/" The architectural design of the 20th blow skyscrapers has been redefined due to the advancement of our newfangled engineering science. Benny Louie Humanity 450 Dr. Maureen Schmid 17 may 1999 The architectural design of the 20th century skyscrapers has been redefined due to the advancement of our modern technology. In our modern society, the architectural design of skyscrapers is changing the downtown ornament of metropolitan areas. receivable to the change of technologies, it has changed the architectural design of skyscraper dramatically in terms of the its function, design structures, heating and cooling schemas and it social status in society. The basic function of the architecture is to provide a roof over peoples head. The main purpose of architecture is to act as a shelter for people to protect themselves against Mother Nature. As civilization development advances, we change magnitude our knowl march and became more creative. People start to design buildings for means of displaying wealthiness and social status. The skyscraper fits the criteria to show the social status of such building with expectant point and elegance to the society. According to OGorman, architecture is a ferment language, of communication. (P.89) This communication is represented in the forms of texture, shape and style that reflects certain occlusion of time. In the early period, architectures were associated with style and culture. The Greeks built marble temples with Doric, Ionic or Corinthian columns. Egyptian architecture used heavy lotus columns, grand battered walls and pyramidal forms. The Gothic style used point arch, vast areas of stained glasses, pointed rib-vault construction. (P. 92) Each had its unique characteristic feature to express its message. In the 20th century architectural design, architecture is no longer viewed as simple shelter to provide a roof over peoples head. computer archite ctures are designed with a more environmental conscious issue handle cost, energy conservation and practicality of the structure. The interior environment is designed according to the distance function of the structures. For example, a dance hall, needs a large open-space with able room for the band and a bar and maybe for tables and chairs around the edge so that people can sit and chat. (Conway & Rowan) This concept incessantly applies to real life s... ...e is a sense of prestige for having offices or shops in these skyscrapers. Modern skyscrapers are being redefined by the use of advance technologies. Due to the advancement in technology, skyscrapers are able to reach new height easily. It changes the way architects design the structure of these buildings. The new function of the skyscraper is to provide striking views, house antennas for communications, telebroadcasting and for entertainment purpose. The use of computer climate control system made the building a more c omfortable environment for everyone. The expectant height of the skyscraper like the Sears Tower, it associates itself with the prestige of being the tallest of all. With the rapid advancement of technology and the influence of fame and wealth, sky is limit for the next generation of skyscrapers. Work cited Bennett, David. Skyscrapers hit & Function New York 1995 Conway, Hazel and Rowan, Roenisch. Understanding Architecture An excogitation to Architecture and architectural History. London and New York Routledge 1994. OGorman, James. ABC of Architecture Philadelphia University of Pennsylvania Press, 1998 Online www.infoplease.com May 15, 1999 Word Count 1429

I Serve No Master; I Am Chaos :: Personal Narrative Writing

I Serve No Master I Am Chaos whole kit Cited MissingLets be blunt you, Professor, want to know who is the somebody pen my papers. To be more clear, you want to know what is the difference between Bill, the person who writes the papers for your class, and the other Bill, who is a son, friend, brother, cohort in crime, and what other entitle is given to me. It is you who wants to know the voice behind this black ink and exsanguinous paper, or the electrons if you read this off a computer screen.You have suggested that I, as well as the rest of the class, begin with our first paper. I would quite a start with the second paper. Do you remember my second paper? Its the ane rough write beyond the theme. Oh, wait, -- roughly twenty other students wrote comparable papers. Ill be more specific I wrote a narrative theme about a Dungeons and Dragons coarse-grained. In it, I wrote about a triad person incident in which the protagonist is slowly replaced by a fictional character he pl ays in a role-playing game. I was assay to show how it was impossible to escape what professors want out of student papers. The game master, Chris, was my metaphor for the professor. As the G.M., he expects that I, as a player, suppress anything else way out on in my life and do what is required of me as a game player. In a similar sense, that is exactly what teachers want in one of my paper to write exactly what is required of me in shape to match their expectations. This was the original point to my paper.However, I became a victim to what I was attempting to overcome. I turned in my paper and the teacher (that means you, Mike) didnt desire it. I had to re-write it in a weeks time or I would non receive credit for the assignment. With the gun loaded and pointed to my head, I re-wrote the paper. I redact my original point out of the paper, changed the format, and added a new point about bending the rules of writing. I received a B+. Even in the attempt to escape normal expect ations, I failed.So whos voice was writing that paper? It was tap first time around, but it was not mine second time. The first paper was me. It was based on a received event.

Strong Shadows :: essays research papers

1. I commit that Dr. Zuger chose the heap she did because she was trying to get a large amount of differences of infections the patients could contract and besides show the patients similarities in lifestyle and the similarities in the way in which they grew up to try and educate people on the lifestyle one must(prenominal) live to put oneself at higher risk for contracting this portentous disease. The characters every seemed to have come from a home without much write out from their family members, or they had something major missing in their life that could have caused a great amount of stress not normally experienced in an average persons life. All of them were uneducated and careless leading us to believe that Dr. Zuger was trying to show that education and responsibility are the best ship canal to prevent ones contraction of this disease. Some of them got HIV from reckless lifestyles such as drug use involving needle sharing to prostitution while others got it besides b y having agitate with casual partners. The decision to pick this array of patients over again strengthens the fact that Dr. Zuger is trying to tell us that it is possible to get support in many ways and that just because one is having casual sex does not mean that he is immune from its effects. These are probably a few reasons why Dr. Zuger chose them for her book. 2. The humane frailty that Deborah Sweet possessed was that she was untrustworthy, she was ever trying to get Dr. Zuger to get something for her such as prescriptions for drugs that would sell on the street or get her to write her a note to be allowed to miss court. The human frailty that Michael Soto has was when he first got the HIV computer virus and when he was using drugs. He is a very nice and willing patient and does not want to burden others with his problems. This shortcoming was very terrible to decide on because he was such a good person.Cynthia Wilsons human frailty was that she needs help and that she is uneducated. She thinks that they should just be able to coiffe her problem without a problem and without delay. She seems to be very ungrateful for all the help she is receiving. She also does not know how to teach her children how to avoid meet like her.

A Straightforward Wedding Speech by the Groom -- Wedding Toasts Roasts

A Straightforward Wedding Speech by the GroomIve put a bit of a speech together to solar day, but after the previous speaker put us solely to sleep Ill try to make mine a bit much interesting and entertaining. Sorry only joking. On behalf of my comely wife and I, we would akin to thank you all for coming along, and sharing this very special day with us. And a huge thank you for the wonderful presents.I would like everybody here, oddly my wife, to know how lucky and proud I am to be stand here today speaking to you as her husband. She is beautiful, caring, intelligent. charming and (pause) ... Whats that?... I cant analyze your writing darlingSeriously though, I am overwhelmed at how beautiful she looks, and cant believe how privileged I am that she has become my wife. ...

Daniel Webster :: Essays Papers

Daniel WebsterBorn January 18, 1782, in Salisbury, New Hampshire, Daniel Webster was a central figure in the nations history. He successfully combined his semipolitical and statutory career and played a role as lawyer, congressman, orator, depositary of defer, leader of two parties, and a presidential candidate. His father, recognizing that his son was more suited for scholastics than for farm life, ensured that Daniel received an education. Webster studied at the Phillips Exeter Academy before enrolling at Dartmouth in 1797. Webster eventually graduated from Dartmouth College in 1801. Webster opened a legal practice in Portsmouth, New Hampshire in1807. Rising quickly as a lawyer and Federalist party leader, Webster was elected in 1812 to the U.S. House of Representatives because of his opposition to the contend of 1812, which had crippled New Englands shipping trade. After two more impairment in the House, Webster left Congress in 1816 and moved to Boston. Over the cont erminous six years, he win major constitutional cases before the positive Court most notably, Dartmouth College Vs. Woodward, Gibbons Vs Ogden, and McCulloch Vs. Maryland, establishing himself as the nations leading lawyer and an outstand outstanding orator.In 1823, Webster was returned to Congress from Boston, and in 1827 he was elected senator from Massachusetts. New circumstances enabled Webster to function a champion of American nationalism. With the Federalist party dead, he joined the discipline Republican party, allying himself with Westerner Henry CLAY and endorsing federal aid for roadstead in the West. In 1828, the dominant economic interests of Massachusetts having shifted from shipping to manufacturing, Webster back the high-tariff bill of that year. Angry federationern leaders condemned the tariff, and South Carolinas John C. CALHOUN argued that his state had the right to nullify the law. Replying to South Carolinas Robert HAYNE in a Senate debate in 1830, Webster triumphantly defended the Union. His words Liberty and Union, now and forever, one and inseparable won wide acclaim. Webster and President Andrew Jackson joined forces in 1833 to suppress South Carolinas attempt to nullify the tariff. But Webster and other opponents of Jackson--now known as Whigs (see WHIG PARTY, linked States)--battled him on other issues, including his attack on the National Bank. Webster ran for the presidency in 1836 as one of three Whig party candidates but carried only Massachusetts. For the residue of his career he aspired vainly to the presidency.